![]() Despite the upheavals, the period has also seen astonishing economic progress. Paralleling the Renaissance and Reformation has been the rise of powerful, centralized nation-states in Europe. Political, economic and scientific developments With its emphasis on observation, evidence and experimentation, the Enlightenment will help to give rise to modern science (some historians regard this Scientific Revolution as its own distinctive movement rather than an aspect of the Enlightenment). a new intellectual movement is now discernible in Europe, This is the Enlightenment, which emphasises rationality as the basis for the pursuit of truth rather then beliefs received from religious institutions or royal governments. Partly as a reaction to the religious conflicts. Germany and (to a lesser extent) France are split between the two.Ī series of fierce wars of religion have raged between these Protestant and Catholic nations, culminating in the terrible Thirty Years War (1618-1648). These have convulsed the continent by dividing the Christian church into two bitterly-opposed camps, Protestantism and Roman Catholicism: Scandinavia, the Low Countries and Britain are Protestant, while Spain and Portugal, Italy and central Europe have remained Catholic. Printing also helped to spread the great religious movements known as the Reformation and Counter-Reformation around Europe. Meanwhile the Renaissance spread around Europe, helped by a revolutionary technological development, printing. Renaissance, Reformation and Counter Reformation to European colonization, and Africa and Asia to European trade. At the same time, however, explorers have opened up South and North America. Follow him on Twitter at on Faceboo k.The past two centuries have seen the Ottoman empire conquer much of central Europe Europe. Watch the History of the World Unfold on an Animated Map: From 200,000 BCE to TodayĪ History of the Entire World in Less Than 20 Minutesīased in Seoul, Colin Marshall writes and broadcasts on cities, language, and culture. His projects include the book The Stateless City: a Walk through 21st-Century Los Angeles and the video series The City in Cinema. The Entire History of Japan in 9 Quirky Minutes Watch World War II Rage Across Europe in a 7 Minute Time-Lapse Film: Every Day From 1939 to 1945 Watch World War I Unfold in a 6 Minute Time-Lapse Film: Every Day From 1914 to 1918 The History of Europe: 5,000 Years Animated in a Timelapse Map But then, wouldn’t observers of Europe have felt the same way back in the heyday of Rome? In the 21st century, one often hears Europe described as essentially unchanging, stuck in its ways, ossified, and an afternoon spent watching the proceedings of European Union bureaucracy would hardly disabuse anyone of that notion. ![]() But watching the full two-and-a-half-millennia time-lapse reminds us that every country in Europe has broken off from, joined with, or otherwise descended from another place, indeed many other places, most of which have long since ceased to exist. The map’s animation begins in 400 BC and ends in 2017 with Europe as a collection of nation-states, each of which we now regard as not just politically but culturally distinct. (Many of us even spent years thereafter in classrooms whose world maps still depicted the USSR as one mighty bloc.) Most of us remember the event marked by the last big change to this map, the end of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. In earlier times, Europe was home to peoples with names like the Gauls, Iberians, Celts, and Scythians, as well as empires like the Achaemenid and Seleucid Empire.Īfter the First World War, though - and the dissolution of such entities as the Ottoman Empire, Austria-Hungary, and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - the labels start to look more familiar. The Roman Empire did manage to paint the map red, literally, in the second and third centuries, but during all eras before and after it looks as multicolored as it was politically disunited. As a result, the division of Europe by the many groups and individuals who have laid claim to pieces of it has, over the past 2500 years, seldom held steady for long, as you can see on the animated map above. What does the future of Europe look like? Geopolitical times such as these do make one ponder such questions as, say, “In what shape (if any) will the European Union make it through this century?” But as any historian of Europe knows, that continent has seldom had an easy time of it: European history is a history of conquests, rebellions, alliances made and broken, and of course, wars aplenty - a major piece of the rationale behind the creation of organizations like the European Union in the first place. ![]()
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